Interventions promoting lifestyle changes are more effective if they target both diet and physical activity, mobilize social support, involve the planned use of established behaviour change techniques, and provide frequent contacts. The population approach should use organized measures to raise awareness and change lifestyle with specific approaches for adolescents, minorities and disadvantaged people. Currently metformin, acarbose and orlistat can be considered as second-line prevention options. Sustained body weight reduction by ≥ 5 % lowers risk. These should be supported by inter-sectoral strategies that create health promoting environments. Interventions supporting lifestyle changes delay the onset of T2DM in high-risk adults (number-needed-to-treat: 6.4 over 1.8–4.6 years). Persons with impaired glucose tolerance and/or fasting glucose are at high-risk and should be prioritized for intensive intervention. Case-finding should follow a step-wise procedure using risk questionnaires and oral glucose tolerance testing. Age and ethnicity are non-modifiable risk factors. Results: Obesity and sedentary lifestyle are the main modifiable risk factors. Methods: A European multidisciplinary consortium systematically reviewed the evidence on the effectiveness of screening and interventions for T2DM prevention using SIGN criteria. Background: The prevalence and socioeconomic burden of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and associated co-morbidities are rising worldwide.Īims: This guideline provides evidence-based recommendations for preventing T2DM.
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